Introduction of Sodium Hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide,, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaOH. it is a strong alkali and is commonly found in the solid form as a white solid, but can be melted at high temperatures into a colorless liquid. Sodium hydroxide absorbs water and carbon dioxide very easily at room temperature, so it is usually stored in sealed containers.

The Physical Properties of Sodium Hydroxide

1. ppearance:

Sodium hydroxide is usually a white solid, but it can be melted into a colorless liquid at high temperature.

2. Density:

The density of sodium hydroxide is relatively high, about 2.13 g/cm3.

3. Melting point and boiling point:

The melting point of sodium hydroxide is about 318°C and the boiling point is about 1388°C.

4. Solubility:

Sodium hydroxide is highly soluble in water, generating hydroxide ions (OH^-) and sodium ions (Na^+) to form an alkaline solution.

The Chemical Properties of Sodium Hydroxide

1. Alkalinity:

Sodium hydroxide is a strong base that neutralizes acids, producing a neutralization reaction between salt and water.

2. Corrosive:

Sodium hydroxide is highly corrosive and dangerous to many materials, including skin, eyes and metals. Therefore, it requires great care and protection when handling.

The Use of Sodium Hydroxide

1. Industrial use:

Sodium hydroxide is an important raw material in industrial production, used in the manufacture of soap, detergents, pulp and paper, synthetic fibers, dyes and so on.

2. Food processing:

In the food industry, sodium hydroxide is used to adjust the acidity and alkalinity of food, also used for cleaning and peeling ingredients.

3. Pharmaceutical industry:

Sodium hydroxide is used to control the acidity and alkalinity of drugs in the preparation of drugs and pharmaceuticals.

4. Wastewater treatment:

Used in wastewater treatment to neutralize acidic or alkaline wastewater.

5. Laboratory use:

Commonly used in chemical experiments to adjust the pH value of the reaction.

Safety Precautions for Sodium Hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide is strongly corrosive, contact with skin and eyes may cause burns. When handling sodium hydroxide, appropriate protective equipment such as goggles, gloves and protective clothing must be worn.

Sodium hydroxide reacts violently with water and generates heat, so add sodium hydroxide to water slowly, not the other way around.

Sodium hydroxide needs to be stored in dry, tightly sealed containers away from moisture and air to prevent moisture absorption.

When handling sodium hydroxide, it is important to work in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of harmful gases.