In daily life, people inevitably encounter various minor wounds, such as abrasions and cuts. Hydrogen peroxide, as a common disinfectant, is widely used for wound disinfection. However, many people have some misconceptions about using hydrogen peroxide, and understanding its correct usage and precautions is very important.
I. The Disinfection Principle of Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide, scientifically known as hydrogen peroxide solution, primarily utilizes its oxidizing properties for disinfection. When hydrogen peroxide comes into contact with a wound, it releases oxygen. This oxidation can destroy the cell walls and cell membranes of bacteria, rendering them inactive and thus achieving sterilization. Simultaneously, the bubbles produced by hydrogen peroxide also help remove dirt and necrotic tissue from the wound, promoting cleanliness and healing.
II. Correct Usage of Hydrogen Peroxide
(A) Preparation Before Use: Before using hydrogen peroxide, first ensure that the skin around the wound is clean. Gently rinse the skin around the wound with clean water to remove surface dirt and dust. Then, prepare medical cotton swabs, gauze, and other disinfection tools, as well as the hydrogen peroxide solution. It is important to note that hydrogen peroxide comes in various concentrations, but the concentration used for wound disinfection is typically around 3%. Excessively high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide may damage wound tissue and hinder healing.
(II) Disinfection Process: Use a medical cotton swab to apply an appropriate amount of hydrogen peroxide and gently wipe the wound surface and surrounding skin. During wiping, you will see a large number of bubbles produced by the hydrogen peroxide; this is a normal reaction and indicates that the hydrogen peroxide is working. Wipe for 1-2 minutes, then gently wipe away any remaining hydrogen peroxide and dirt with clean gauze or cotton swabs. If the wound is deep or has a lot of dirt, the above steps can be repeated, but care should be taken to avoid excessive wiping, which could worsen bleeding.
(III) Follow-up Treatment: After hydrogen peroxide disinfection, a secondary disinfection can be performed using other disinfectants such as iodine solution to enhance the disinfection effect. Afterward, choose an appropriate dressing based on the size and depth of the wound. For small wounds, adhesive bandages can be used. For larger wounds or wounds located on easily movable areas such as joints, it is recommended to use gauze and bandages to protect the wound and prevent external bacteria from re-entering.
III. Precautions for Using Hydrogen Peroxide
(I) Avoid prolonged use: Although hydrogen peroxide has good disinfection properties, long-term use can irritate and damage the normal tissue around the wound. Therefore, after initial cleaning and disinfection of the wound, it is recommended to gradually reduce the frequency of hydrogen peroxide use and switch to other mild disinfectants, such as iodine, to promote normal wound healing.
(II) Be aware of allergic reactions: Some people may be allergic to hydrogen peroxide. Before use, it is best to test a small area on a sensitive area such as the inside of the wrist and observe for 15-30 minutes. If no allergic reaction such as redness, swelling, or itching occurs, then it can be used to disinfect the wound. If allergic symptoms are found around the wound during use, stop using hydrogen peroxide immediately, rinse the wound with plenty of water, and seek medical attention if necessary. (III) Proper Storage of Hydrogen Peroxide: Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical with corrosive and oxidizing properties. It should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place, avoiding direct sunlight and high temperatures to prevent decomposition and inactivation. Keep it out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion or misuse.
(IV) Treatment of Special Wounds: Caution is needed when using hydrogen peroxide to disinfect certain types of wounds, such as burns, scalds, and animal bites. Burns and scalds often have blisters and necrotic tissue on the surface; using hydrogen peroxide may worsen tissue damage and pain. Animal bites may contain pathogens such as rabies virus; simply using hydrogen peroxide may not effectively kill the virus, requiring immediate medical attention for further treatment, such as rabies vaccination and immunoglobulin administration.
In conclusion, hydrogen peroxide is an effective wound disinfectant, but proper methods and precautions must be followed during its use. Only by using hydrogen peroxide scientifically and rationally can its disinfecting effect be maximized, promoting rapid wound healing and reducing the risk of infection. If you have any other questions, please feel free to call or leave us a message!
